年底了一直很忙，今天忙中偷闲安装了一下Oracle18C的RPM包安装方法。总的感觉还是比较方便的，大大的简化了oracle 的安装，让非专业的DBA也有了比较好的安装体验。下面就带来我安装过程中的一些步骤分享：

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1. 环境介绍：
   OS： Redhat 7.5 ， Mem 4G， CPU 4C，DISK 200G

   Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.5 (Maipo)

2. 下载rpm安装包：
   oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
   oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3. 安装步骤
   3.1 配置yum
   #cd /etc/yum.repos.d
   [rhel7.5]
   name=my_repo
   baseurl=file:///mnt
   gpgcheck=0

   3.2 安装依赖包：
   yum -y install xorg-x11-xauth xorg-x11-utils libstdc++-devel libaio-devel ksh  compat-libcap
   注意：在redhat7.5中，compat-libstdc++-33这个包是没有，请自行下载，并手动安装。
   
   3.3 安装数据库

   1）yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   安装提示的信息比较多，此处省略。。。。。

   2）rpm -ivh oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

   warning: oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
   Preparing... ################################# [100%]
   Updating / installing...
   1:oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1 ################################# [100%]
   [INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
   [INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
   To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure

   3.4 配置数据库
   在root下执行：

   etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure

   3.5 安装完成后检查

   该步骤执行的时间较长，需要耐心的等待。。。。
   Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.
   Prepare for db operation
   8% complete
   Copying database files
   31% complete
   Creating and starting Oracle instance
   32% complete
   36% complete
   40% complete
   43% complete
   46% complete
   Completing Database Creation
   51% complete
   54% complete
   Creating Pluggable Databases
   58% complete
   77% complete
   Executing Post Configuration Actions
   100% complete
   Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
   /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
   Database Information:
   Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
   System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
   Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.

Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.

3.5 安装检查
1）Oracle配置环境变量：
[oracle@rhel75-dev-31-81 ~]$ vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_VERSION=18c
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

2）检查监听
lsnrctl status

Service "7f7a654558113bdde055025056a8c790" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLCDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLCDBXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclpdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

3)登录数据库
sqlplus / as sysdba
[oracle@rhel75-dev-31-81 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Jan 15 14:50:55 2019
Version 18.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0

4. 安装后的思考
   1) oracle 18C大大的简化了安装的工作量。对于部署和实施来说比较方便了。
   2) 网络配置自动完成。网络部分系统会自动配置生产listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件。
   3) 初始化即为容器数据库。

当然还有很多的新的特性，后续的文章会向大家一一阐述，时间有限难免有出错的地方，如有问题请大家及时指正。欢迎讨论。