主备库切换原因:
1. switch:用户主动切换;
2. failover:主库出现故障,强行切换;
switch切换过程:先主库再备库
主库
1. 查看switchover_status:select database_role, switchover_status from v$database;
如果switchover_status为:to standby 则:
ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY
否则用:ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;
2. 重启数据库:
shutdown immediate;
startup nomount;
3. 以备库mount
alter database mount standby database;
备库
1. 应用redo:alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
2. 查看switchover_status:select database_role, switchover_status from v$database;
如果switchover_status为:to primary 则:ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY
否则用:ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;
3. 重启数据库
shutdown immediate;
startup;
failover 主备库切换
1.. 停止日志应用
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
2. 关闭standby日志传输
alter database recover managed standby database finish force;
3. 切换到primary
alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
做这一步的时候,若存在gap,则会报ORA-16139:Switchover: Media recovery required - standby not in limbo 错误。
做测试的时候,若先起主库再起备库,且未等待备库相关日志传输完毕,就会出现这个问题。此时需要强制切换
alter database activate physical standby database;
4. 重启数据库到open状态
分享文章:ORACLEDataGuard主备库角色切换
网页URL:
http://lszwz.com/article/gogcco.html