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      都说python是解释形语言，意思是读取一行执行一行，现在就有一段python程序摆在面前，其功能是“将一个csv文件名以及按文件中的内容转换成多个以内容为目录的linux下目录结构”； 这段话应该比较的模型化，用一个具体的例子来说会容易理解点，这里就假设有这样的一个小需求：现有一个压缩文件 JiangSu-1949-10-01-HumanScience.csv.gz，该压缩文件包含了江苏省1949年10月1日前建立的人文科学专业大学的详细名单，需要转换为一组文件夹，每个文件夹单独存放从签署大学总录中包含的一个大学详细信息。（注：
以下仅为实现该小需求的示例python， 参数文件为 JiangSu-1949-10-01-HumanScience.csv.gz）

#!/usr/bin/python<br/>import csv, gzip, os, sys, re<br/>def ResolveUnivercity(TotalUniversities, pattern):<br/>SpecifiedUnivercity = pattern.search(TotalUniversities)

if SpecifiedUnivercity is None:
return None
return SpecifiedUnivercity.groups()
def TransformData(TotalUniversities, RootUnivercity_Path, pattern):
SpecifiedUniversity = ResolveUnivercity(TotalUniversities, pattern)
if SpecifiedUniversity is None:
print 'Cannot resolved  TotalUniversities file'
return 1
else:
print 'UniversityName: [%s] Born: [%s-%s-%s] Area: [%s]' % SpecifiedUniversity
if not SpecifiedUniversity[4] in ["NatureScience", "HumanScience"]:
print "system only analyze Nature or Human Science"
return 1
if RootUnivercity_Path is None:
RootUnivercity_Path = '%s' % SpecifiedUniversity[0]
gfile = gzip.open(TotalUniversities, "rb")
rownum = 0
HasNext = False

SpecifiedUnivercity_Content = {}
SpecifiedUnivercity_DetailContent = None
for row in csv.reader(gfile):
if rownum == 0:
header = row
else:

SpecifiedUniversity_Name = row[0]
 if len(SpecifiedUniversity_Name) > 0:
HasNext = True

if SpecifiedUnivercity_Content.has_key(SpecifiedUniversity_Name):
SpecifiedUnivercity_DetailContent = SpecifiedUnivercity_Content[SpecifiedUniversity_Name][1]

else:
rownum = 0
# create new file
SpecifiedUniversity_File = '%s_%s_%s.csv' % (SpecifiedUniversity[0], SpecifiedUniversity_Name, SpecifiedUniversity[2])

AbsolutePath = os.path.join(RootUnivercity_Path, SpecifiedUniversity_Name)
AbsolutePathName = os.path.join(AbsolutePath, SpecifiedUniversity_File)

if not os.path.exists(AbsolutePath):
os.makedirs(AbsolutePath, 0777)
outfile = open(AbsolutePathName, 'wb')

SpecifiedUnivercity_DetailContent = csv.writer(outfile, Token=',')
# insert into  SpecifiedUniversity
SpecifiedUnivercity_Content[SpecifiedUniversity_Name] = [outfile, SpecifiedUnivercity_DetailContent, False]
else:
HasNext = False

if SpecifiedUnivercity_DetailContent is not None:
SpecifiedUnivercity_DetailContent.writerow(row)
else:
print "row %d has no owner file" % rownum
rownum += 1
gfile.close()
for key in SpecifiedUnivercity_Content.keys():
SpecifiedUnivercity_Content[key][1].close()
SpecifiedUnivercity_Content[key][0].close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
#JiangSu-1949-10-01-HumanScience.csv.gz
ResolvedSpecofiedUnivercity = re.compile(r'(/w{2,})-(/d{4})-(/d{2})-(/d{2})-(/w{1,})/.')

for file in sys.argv[1:]:
TransformData(file, None, ResolvedSpecofiedUnivercity)

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