关系型数据库名词与MongoDB对比:
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关系数据库 | MongoDB |
Database | Database |
Table | Collection |
Row | Document |
Index | Index |
Join | Lookup |
Foreign Key | Reference |
Multi-table transaction | Single document transaction |
命令行使用MongoDB
插入你的第一数据
> show databases
local 0.000GB
> use test #切换到test数据库,如果没有则新建
switched to db test
> show databases local 0.000GB
> db.demo.insert( { "key" : "value" } ) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show databases local 0.000GB test 0.000GB
> show collections demo
> db.demo.findOne() { "_id" : ObjectId("573af7085ee4be80385332a6"), "key" : "value" }
python中使用MongoDB
import pymongo # # client defaults to localhost and port 27017. eg MongoClient('localhost', 27017) client = pymongo.MongoClient() #连接到本地数据库 blogDatabase = client[ "blog" ] #切换到blog数据库 usersCollection = blogDatabase[ "users" ] #切换到usersCollection usersCollection.insert_one( { "username" : "jdrumgoole", "password" : "top secret", "lang" : "EN" }) #插入一条数据 user = usersCollection.find_one() #查找最新的一条数据 print( user ) articlesCollection = blogDatabase[ "articles" ] author = "jdrumgoole" article = { "title" : "This is my first post", "body" : "The is the longer body text for my blog post. We can add lots of text here.", "author" : author, "tags" : [ "joe", "general", "Ireland", "admin" ] } # # Lets check if our author exists # if usersCollection.find_one( { "username" : author }) : articlesCollection.insert_one( article ) else: raise ValueError( "Author %s does not exist" % author )
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